Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different types produce different flavors. Find out about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, more tart flavor profile and are frequently used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of the global production. Arabica beans are sweeter and less acidic than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The flavor and aroma of coffee are influenced by the conditions in which it is grown and the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" actually derives from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee bean shop beans are actually fruit seeds that are cultivated inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized by eating the fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee spread quickly across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and they are able to thrive in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is thought to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops concentrate on using ethically-sourced arabica beans, by emphasizing fair wages for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees that can be used in many different brewing techniques. Blending gives control over the taste, aroma and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is typically preferred to get a consistent and balanced flavor that is appealing to a broad audience.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted type of coffee bean around the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants naturally found in. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and may grow in less favorable environments. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a cost-effective crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory it's true that Robusta beans are often combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag it's likely that there's also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to reduce costs and ensure quality. To maintain the integrity of the flavor, it is essential to select a high-quality bean from a source that you trust. This can be achieved by purchasing your beans direct from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica decaf beans coffee have a shape that is like a football, which is why they are different from other types of coffee beans. They have a scent that is floral, fruity and smokey. They are often added to other coffee beans to give the fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee decaf beans coffee are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate hot, humid climates. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from a number of sources, but it's best to buy from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica Coffee beans Types include fertile, deep volcano soils with a pH that is moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that grow on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are situated at medium altitudes. They have a distinct flavor that is both fruity and tart that makes them a popular choice for blends in house. They have a more subtle scent and a lower caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinct flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta although they're fourth popular. In fact they were considered to be a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped like teardrops and are dark and mysterious in taste. They're typically used in blends to give extra body and a rich, tart, ripened fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are renowned for having a a sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. If they are brewed correctly and light roast coffee beans properly they may impart notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and accounts for around 40% of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet they contain more caffeine than Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody flavor.

After having learned about the four most popular varieties, it's now time to choose your favorite brew. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors pick an arabica or a blend comprised of robusta and arabica beans.