Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair Ramp Non slip surface ramp is a crucial tool in helping a loved one live independently in their home. If not designed correctly they could be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require landings to be level at any change in direction, so as to avoid compound slopes. They must also have an area that is grippy for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to move around the structure easily. The ramp's slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings must be level at any change in direction or change in the ramp's surface. It must be constructed of treated lumber which is more durable than lumber that is not treated and can withstand the effects of rain better.

The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstructions such as bushes, trees or other structures that could interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface along the entire length of the ramp.

For the ramp frame choose treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond ground level. The posts should then connect with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This type of connection is preferred because it minimizes the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the side of the ramp.

Then, construct the frame for the ramp using joists that are at least 16 inches long and 2 by 4 inch beams. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they are secured with hangers for joists which are nails that grip the inside of the joists to prevent them from slipping out of place. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Install an upper landing on the doorway to ensure plastic wheelchair ramp occupants can easily manage the doorswing. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. The landing for doors with in-swinging should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door and wheelchair users who need to walk backwards in the doorway.

Install a level landing at any change in ramp direction to prevent the need for wheelchairs to slam on their brakes as they turn corners. A level landing makes it easier to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that equipment like lawnmowers can move under it.

Materials

The material used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be either concrete, wood or aluminum. A professional ramp installation company can assist you in deciding the best option for your home or business. When choosing the material for the ramp, it's important to take into account your budget and requirements. The ramp should also be easy to maintain and safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Make sure to inquire with your local government for permits prior to building or purchasing any materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. Making use of the wrong materials or construction methods can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find up-to-date construction requirements in your local government building department, library or on the internet.

Wood ramps are usually the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, however they require more care than other alternatives. The wood ramp's surface must be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid warping and rot. Wood can splinter and can be dangerous for people using wheelchairs. Wood ramps might require additional support to ensure the structure remains standing and steady.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time However, they can be expensive. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install ramps and may make it difficult to move the ramp after it is they are no longer needed. Concrete ramps are strong enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel however they possess the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also less expensive than steel and iron, making them an excellent option for those with a tight budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly, since it is found naturally in the Earth's crust, and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing must be level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door to allow wheelchairs with smaller wheels to move across the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps that have gaps greater than this will not be able to meet ADA standards. It is also important to make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground surface. The ramp's last section should be curved to prevent wheelchairs from stopping abruptly when they leave or enter the home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is installed as an addition or in lieu of steps. It allows wheelchair users as well as those who use strollers or carts to reach areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.

When selecting a wheelchair access ramp, there are many aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height and price. A ramp should be situated as close to the door as possible to prevent unnecessary transportation. It should be set at an elevation that is easily accessed by the person who is using it. It should also be secured to the ground and free of obstructions, such as shrubbery or parked cars.

ADA regulations require that ramps have handrails on either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. They should also be connected to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches over it. Handrails must be continuous if the ramp is constructed with switchbacks, or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by the incline. However, there are some basic ramp types that can be used for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example is placed flush against the lip of the curb or the threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are, however are able to be moved to a different location and are available in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be assembled on-site. These ramps are usually employed in public or commercial areas and are usually longer.

If you're thinking of an all-weather ramp, be sure you check with your city's building department to see if you need an approval. You should also speak to an expert in mobility to determine the kind of ramp that works best for your needs and the space. In certain situations the installation of permanent ramps can increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It's crucial to ensure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, particularly if you are going to use it frequently. You'll need to perform regular inspections and deal with any structural issues as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements and is safe for users.

Wooden ramps require frequent cleaning to remove debris and dirt that can obstruct access. Keeping the ramp clean will also prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and leading to decay. The wood preservatives or stains will only work only if the ramp is thoroughly cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps can be more challenging to maintain than other kinds of ramps because they are more prone to wear and wear and tear. The most important thing is to ensure that you have the appropriate tools to complete the task. To ensure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need a good set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. You should also regularly inspect the handrails to see if there are signs of damage or corrosion. It's possible that, over time, and with repeated use, some of the bolts and fittings which hold the handrails in place could loosen and pose a serious safety risk for those using the ramp.

It is also important to ensure that the surface the ramp is sufficiently grippy especially in winter, when the conditions are challenging. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that may hinder the surface and cause slippage. It is also recommended to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive to the ramp surface to avoid slips and injuries.

You should consider purchasing "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you plan to use it throughout the winter. These wheels are made to better track on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will help you stay on your ramp more effectively than normal wheelchair tires. Alternately, you can put heating pads or tape along the ramp surface to help melt snow and ice before it gets accumulated.